閑來無事，今天我們一起來聊一聊**肥是什么!**肥的前身俗稱農(nóng)家肥，是70、80年代人記憶中常用的一種農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)肥料!是我國傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)中常用的肥料!而與弄加肥又有不同的是，**肥腐熟，蟲卵死亡率達(dá)到95%以上。在其成分包括以各種動(dòng)物、植物殘?bào)w或代謝物組成，如人畜糞便、秸稈、動(dòng)物殘?bào)w、屠宰場廢棄物等。另外還包括餅肥(菜籽餅、棉籽餅、豆餅、芝麻餅、蓖麻餅、茶籽餅等);堆肥;漚肥;廄肥;沼肥;綠肥等。主要是以供應(yīng)**物質(zhì)為手段，借此來改善土壤理化性能，促進(jìn)植物生長及土壤生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的循環(huán)。

　　**肥主要來源于植物和(或)動(dòng)物，施于土壤以提供植物營養(yǎng)為其主要功能的含碳物料。經(jīng)生物物質(zhì)、動(dòng)植物廢棄物、植物殘?bào)w加工而來，消除了其中的有毒有害物質(zhì)，富含大量有益物質(zhì)，包括：多種**酸、肽類以及包括氮、磷、鉀在內(nèi)的豐富的營養(yǎng)元素。不僅能為農(nóng)作物提供全面營養(yǎng)，而且肥效長，可增加和更新土壤**質(zhì)，促進(jìn)微生物繁殖，改善土壤的理化性質(zhì)和生物活性，是綠色食品生產(chǎn)的主要養(yǎng)分。

　　2021年6月份，我國發(fā)布實(shí)施了《**肥料》標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這預(yù)示著國家將會(huì)打理推廣**肥來替代化肥!因此，在未來一段時(shí)間中，**肥生產(chǎn)企業(yè)將會(huì)迎來迸發(fā)前進(jìn)的機(jī)會(huì)!

　　**肥是好氧發(fā)酵，需要氧氣的參與!

　　未發(fā)酵糞便，施入土壤中會(huì)發(fā)酵，產(chǎn)生熱量、有害氣體，有爛種子、燒根、燒苗現(xiàn)象，而且發(fā)酵時(shí)間長，產(chǎn)生肥害反而影響農(nóng)作物生長，沒有發(fā)酵腐熟的農(nóng)家**肥，施入土壤病蟲害較多，動(dòng)物糞便里、農(nóng)作物秸稈、下腳料里含有病菌、蟲卵、病毒，如果直接施入土壤，會(huì)在土壤中漫延、滋生、孵化，危害農(nóng)作物生長，爆發(fā)病蟲害疫情。

　　在**肥發(fā)酵過程中，需要大量的氧氣參與。因此，**肥生產(chǎn)企業(yè)需要一些具有強(qiáng)制輸送氣體的設(shè)備，將氧氣注入發(fā)酵池中。因此，很多**肥廠家需要選購一臺(tái)或多臺(tái)中大型羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)!瑞柘環(huán)保作為羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)的生產(chǎn)廠家，曾多次為**肥生產(chǎn)企業(yè)提供了羅茨鼓風(fēng)機(jī)!我們擁有一個(gè)專業(yè)的羅茨風(fēng)機(jī)售后安裝維修服務(wù)團(tuán)隊(duì)!竭誠歡迎您致電詢問羅茨風(fēng)機(jī)的價(jià)格、保養(yǎng)、維修!

　　**肥發(fā)酵原理

　　腐熟的動(dòng)物糞**肥一般需要兩個(gè)階段，即**次高溫堆肥腐熟發(fā)酵階段和第二次陳化階段。不穩(wěn)定的**物通過腐熟過程，通過微生物作用下，轉(zhuǎn)化成穩(wěn)定的腐殖質(zhì)。其溫度變化可以界定是否腐熟。

　　第二階段：溫度初見減少，氧氣吸收率減少，臭味消失。相對(duì)于**次堆肥腐熟來說，不能沒有第二次堆肥，因?yàn)槎味逊士梢越到怆y降解的**物，嗜溫微生物菌落重新建立，從而有助于**肥腐熟、減少植物毒性物質(zhì)和抑制病原菌。

　　**階段：通過配比原料基質(zhì)，肥堆高氧吸收，產(chǎn)生高溫，可降解揮發(fā)性固體大量減少，臭味逐漸減少，肥堆顏色逐漸變化，需保持良好的曝氣和水分控制。

　　溫度升高階段：**肥腐熟溫度上升到45℃，主要以放線菌、菌和細(xì)菌為主，主要分解糖類和淀粉。甚至有源生物動(dòng)物和動(dòng)物參與。高溫階段：腐熟溫度達(dá)到45℃以上，嗜溫微生物被抑制，嗜熱主導(dǎo)。可溶解的**物繼續(xù)被氧化分解，復(fù)雜的**物(纖維素、半纖維素、蛋白質(zhì)、木質(zhì)素)也開始被分解。50℃左右(嗜熱菌和放線菌);60℃左右(嗜熱細(xì)菌和放線菌);70℃左右(大多微生物已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng))。腐熟溫度為55℃，這是因?yàn)榇蠖辔⑸镌谠摐囟然钴S，易分解**物，病菌、蟲卵、雜草種子大多數(shù)會(huì)被殺死。降溫階段：嗜溫微生物又開始大量繁殖，占據(jù)優(yōu)勢，對(duì)殘余難分解的**物作進(jìn)一步分解。此時(shí)微生物活性下降，堆肥腐熟需氧量減少，溫度下降，肥堆逐漸趨于穩(wěn)定。

　　**肥發(fā)酵方法

　　厭氧發(fā)酵：在缺氧或無氧條件下,主要利用厭氧微生物進(jìn)行的堆肥化過程。產(chǎn)物除腐殖質(zhì)類**物、二氧化碳和甲烷外，還有氨、硫化氫和其他**酸等還原性物質(zhì)。工藝簡單、不需進(jìn)行通風(fēng),但反應(yīng)速率緩慢，堆肥化周期較長。

　　好氧發(fā)酵：在人工控制和一定碳氮比例(C/N)、水分、溫度和通風(fēng)的情況下，通過微生物將**質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化為穩(wěn)定的腐殖質(zhì)的過程，這類堆肥無臭無蠅，反而有淡淡的泥土味。

　　**肥發(fā)酵工藝

　　靜態(tài)條垛堆肥：無需翻堆，能夠確保堆體有效的達(dá)到高溫和病原菌體滅活，縮短堆肥周期。

　　動(dòng)態(tài)條垛堆肥：通過人工或機(jī)械定期翻堆，來確保堆體好氧狀態(tài)。

　　反應(yīng)器堆肥：在一個(gè)容器或幾個(gè)容器進(jìn)行，能夠有效的控制溫度，水分，從而監(jiān)控堆肥發(fā)酵程度。

　　**肥的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

　　與化肥相比，**肥營養(yǎng)元素要更齊全一些，市面上常見的**肥往往是一種或幾種元素組成的!**肥的使用可以解決土壤板結(jié)、提高植物的抗病蟲能力，減少病蟲害的發(fā)生!提高化肥成分的吸收率!同時(shí)，**農(nóng)作物的收獲量與品質(zhì)!

　　因此，相信未來很大一段時(shí)間會(huì)是**肥廠家發(fā)展的黃金時(shí)期!希望各位**肥生產(chǎn)企業(yè)老板可以抓住時(shí)機(jī)，擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)規(guī)模，提供產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量!為我們中國的高效現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)一份力量!

　　Nothing to do. Today, let's talk about what organic fertilizer is! The predecessor of organic fertilizer, commonly known as farmyard manure, is a kind of agricultural production fertilizer commonly used in the memory of people in the 1970s and 1980s! It is a fertilizer commonly used in traditional agriculture in China! But different from adding fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is completely decomposed, and the mortality rate of insect eggs reaches more than 95%. Its components include various animal and plant residues or metabolites, such as human and animal feces, straw, animal residues, slaughterhouse waste, etc. In addition, it also includes cake fertilizer (rapeseed cake, cottonseed cake, bean cake, sesame cake, castor cake, tea seed cake, etc.); Composting; waterlogged compost; barnyard manure; Biogas fertilizer; Green manure, etc. It mainly uses the supply of organic matter as a means to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, promote plant growth and the circulation of soil ecosystem.

　　Organic fertilizer mainly comes from plants and / or animals. It is a carbonaceous material applied to the soil to provide plant nutrition as its main function. It is processed from biological substances, animal and plant wastes and plant residues, which eliminates toxic and harmful substances, and is rich in a large number of beneficial substances, including a variety of organic acids, peptides and rich nutritional elements including nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It can not only provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, but also has long fertilizer efficiency. It can increase and renew soil organic matter, promote microbial reproduction, and improve the physical and chemical properties and biological activities of soil. It is the main nutrient in the production of green food.

　　In June 2021, China issued and implemented the standard of organic fertilizer, which indicates that the country will take care of and promote organic fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizer! Therefore, in the coming period of time, organic fertilizer production enterprises will usher in opportunities to advance!

　　Organic fertilizer is aerobic fermentation, which requires the participation of oxygen!

　　Unfermented feces, when applied to the soil, will ferment, produce heat, harmful gases, rotten seeds, roots and seedlings, and the fermentation time is long, which will produce fertilizer damage but affect the growth of crops. There is no fermented and rotten farmyard organic fertilizer, and there are many pests and diseases in the soil. There are germs, insect eggs and viruses in animal feces, crop straw and waste materials. If directly applied to the soil, they will spread, breed and hatch in the soil, Endanger the growth of crops and outbreak of diseases and pests.

　　In the process of organic fertilizer fermentation, a lot of oxygen is needed. Therefore, organic fertilizer production enterprises need some equipment with forced gas delivery to inject oxygen into the fermentation tank. Therefore, many organic fertilizer manufacturers need to choose one or more medium and large roots blowers! As the manufacturer of Roots blower, Ruizhe environmental protection has provided roots blower for organic fertilizer manufacturers for many times! We have a professional roots blower after-sales installation and maintenance service team! We sincerely welcome you to call us to inquire about the price, maintenance and repair of Roots blower!

　　Principle of organic fertilizer fermentation

　　Decomposed animal manure generally requires two stages, namely, the first high-temperature composting maturity fermentation stage and the second aging stage. Unstable organic matter is transformed into stable humus through the process of decomposition and under the action of microorganisms. Its temperature change can define whether it is decomposed.

　　Organic fertilizer fermentation

　　The second stage: the temperature decreases for the first time, the oxygen absorption rate decreases, and the odor disappears completely. Compared with the first composting, the second composting cannot be avoided, because the second composting can degrade the refractory organic matter and rebuild the thermophilic microbial colony, which is conducive to the maturity of organic fertilizer, reduce plant toxic substances and inhibit pathogenic bacteria.

　　The first stage: through proportioning the raw material matrix, the fertilizer pile can absorb high oxygen, produce high temperature, greatly reduce the degradable volatile solids, gradually reduce the odor, and gradually change the color of the fertilizer pile. It is necessary to maintain good aeration and water control.

　　Temperature rise stage: the decomposition temperature of organic fertilizer rises to 45 ℃, mainly actinomycetes, fungi and bacteria, mainly decomposing sugars and starch. Even active biological animals and animals participate. High temperature stage: when the decomposition temperature reaches above 45 ℃, thermophilic microorganisms are inhibited and thermophilic dominant. Soluble organics continue to be oxidized and decomposed, and complex organics (cellulose, hemicellulose, protein, lignin) also begin to be decomposed. About 50 ℃ (thermophilic fungi and actinomycetes); About 60 ℃ (thermophilic bacteria and actinomycetes); About 70 ℃ (most microorganisms can't adapt). The best ripening temperature is 55 ℃, because most microorganisms are the most active at this temperature, which is the easiest to decompose organic matter, and most bacteria, insect eggs, and weed seeds will be killed. Temperature reduction stage: thermophilic microorganisms began to proliferate in large numbers and occupy the advantage to further decompose the residual organic matter that is difficult to decompose. At this time, the microbial activity decreases, the oxygen demand of compost decomposition decreases, the temperature decreases, and the compost gradually tends to be stable.

　　Organic fertilizer fermentation method

　　Anaerobic fermentation: under anoxic or anaerobic conditions, the composting process mainly uses anaerobic microorganisms. In addition to humus organic matter, carbon dioxide and methane, the final products also include ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and other organic acids. The process is simple without ventilation, but the reaction rate is slow and the composting cycle is long.

　　Aerobic fermentation: under the condition of manual control and a certain carbon / nitrogen ratio (c/n), moisture, temperature and ventilation, the process of transforming organic matter into stable humus by microorganisms. This kind of compost has no odor and flies, but a faint earthy smell.

　　Organic fertilizer fermentation process

　　Static strip composting: without turning the pile, it can ensure that the pile can effectively reach high temperature and inactivate pathogenic bacteria, and shorten the composting cycle.

　　Dynamic strip composting: regularly turn the pile manually or mechanically to ensure the aerobic state of the pile.

　　Reactor composting: it is carried out in one container or several containers, which can effectively control the temperature and moisture, so as to monitor the fermentation degree of composting.

　　Advantages of organic fertilizer

　　Compared with chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer has more complete nutritional elements. The common organic fertilizer on the market is often composed of one or several elements! The use of organic fertilizer can solve soil hardening, improve plant disease and insect resistance, and reduce the occurrence of diseases and pests! Improve the absorption rate of chemical fertilizer ingredients! At the same time, improve the harvest and quality of crops!

　　Therefore, I believe that the future will be a golden period for the development of organic fertilizer manufacturers for a long time! I hope that the owners of organic fertilizer production enterprises can seize the opportunity to expand production scale and provide product quality! Contribute to the development of efficient and modern agriculture in China!